Leadership Principles And Methods Of Leadership - 1437 Words

I came into this class not knowing what to expect. I thought we would just learn about leadership principles and methods of leadership. Another thought was we could possibly study great leaders and what they did that made them a great leader. This was my own narrow view of what leadership was supposed to look like. I soon found out my opinion of this class was wrong. I learned so many different aspects about myself and my own leadership. Through this class I learned many theories and views of leadership, which helped transform my previous view on Leadership. I learned the best leadership I can do is the leadership where I can be myself. A leader who can be effective is one who knows their S.H.A.P.E. It is their Spiritual Gifts, Heart,†¦show more content†¦I learned there were many theories on leadership. My view of leadership had many similarities to the Great Man theory view on leadership. The theory basically states that leaders are only born. I also was taught there was f ive other theories of leadership. There is Trait theory, which is saying only people with certain traits can be a leader. Behavioral theory is similar to Trait theory, but it states that leaders only are people who exhibit specific behaviors. Situational Contingency Theory claims that leaders are only people who meet the needs of specific leadership in a specific situation. There is also Influence theory, which states leaders are people who can only influence people to an idea or desired task. Lastly, is the Reciprocal Leadership theory, this theory claims that everybody is a leader and works together as a leadership group. Learning about these theories helped changed my view on leadership. I was taught, as Christians, we are all called to be leaders. Leadership is an honorable aspiration to God. God has given us abilities, gifts, and talents to be leaders. Also I found out that there is no specific mold for leadership. Every leader is an individual so they have an individual leader ship style. It is up to people to find their strengths and weaknesses to know their sweet spot for leadership. My view of leadership has changed drastically from before I started this class. I now realize that everybody can be a

Effects of Low Self Esteem Essay - 458 Words

Effects of Low Self Esteem Having a low self-esteem can be a horrible and detrimental way to spend your life. It often interferes with everyday situations, creating not only confusion but also a discouraging sense of hopelessness. People with low self-esteems often try to appear confident and careless. However, they frequently do things or say things that make them feel stupid, and somehow, not good enough to fit in with the rest of society. When you have a low self-esteem, one thing that is particularly stressful is trying to talk to someone that you dont know very well. The seemingly easy act of making conversation becomes disturbingly intimidating when you feel that you arent as good as the person you are talking to. For†¦show more content†¦I thought to myself, What in the world just happened there? I feel fine now#8230; And for the rest of the day I wondered why I couldnt just talk to someone without feeling inadequate. Another normal, everyday situation that low self-esteem complicates is the pr ocess of learning, especially in the classroom. One of my old classmates, Jason, had a particularly hard time in school because of his low self-esteem. Nobody realized it at the time, but the reason he never turned in projects or papers was because he didnt think they were good enough. He often agonized over them, trying to make sure that theyd be as good as everyone elses. He had a hard time finishing because hed start over so many times, and he often threw them away at the end. His low self-esteem forbade him from asking questions in class because he was afraid of looking stupid in front of his peers. Low self-esteem can do that; it can make someone afraid to even learn. My friend Carrie has been struggling with her low self-esteem since middle school. She said that she often finds herself caught in a cycle. Paranoid that others are thinking badly about her, she accuses them or demands to know what they are thinking. When she does this, the people around her find it hard to deal w ith, and either ignore her or become angry with her. This reinforces the low self-esteem, turning it into a maze of confusion that is difficult to break away from. AnotherShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Low Self Esteem On Adulthood Essay976 Words   |  4 Pageseffected by marital status of the parents. Boys esteem was lower than girls, citing that boys without fathers in the home tended to have no one to look up to (Mandara Murray, 2000, p. 485). Also, boys had the tendency to sight their family functions as more negative when the marital status of parents was single. Income had a significant effect on the self-esteem of adolescents as well. The higher the income of the home the higher the self-esteem of the adolescent. Families that had a higher incomeRead MoreThe Causes And Effects Of Low Self Esteem1336 Words   |  6 PagesThe causes and effects of low self-esteem must be considered to have a deeper understanding regarding the process in achieving healthy ageing. Acknowledgi ng that older adults’ self-esteem is part of their overall health is the first step. Further, addressing the factors that contribute to deterioration of self-confidence is fundamental to generate an effective plan of care in increasing self-esteem among older adults. Provision of an effective and sensible plan of care conforming to older adults’Read MoreThe Effects Of Low Self Esteem On Children Essay895 Words   |  4 PagesLow self-esteem will negatively affect almost every aspect of your life, including relationships, jobs, health and your education. You can, however, take steps to improve your self-esteem by taking signals from different types of mental health counseling. Based on cognitive behavioral therapy, consider taking the following steps: 1. Identify disturbing conditions or situations Think about the conditions or situations that seem to undervalue your self-esteem. Some common triggers that might be occurring:Read MoreEssay on Effects of Low Self Esteem on Children1300 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Low Self Esteem on Children Aruna Kalicharan Psychology of Infancy and Childhood (DEP 2000), Section 01 Professor Lissette M. Saavedra April 24, 2001 What is Low self-esteem? In most cases, children with low self-esteem feel that the important adults and peers in their lives do not accept them, do not care about them very much, and would not go out of their way to ensure their safety and well-being. Negative self-esteem is related to low self-confidence, insecurity, underachievementRead More The Effects of Low Self Esteem on Children Essay1169 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Low Self Esteem on Children What is Low self-esteem? In most cases, children with low self-esteem feel that the important adults and peers in their lives do not accept them, do not care about them very much, and would not go out of their way to ensure their safety and well-being. Negative self-esteem is related to low self-confidence, insecurity, underachievement, anxiety, depression, acting-out behavior, sleep problems and being a loner (Yarnell, 1999). During their earlyRead MoreSelf Awareness And Its Effect For Discrepant Low Self Esteem953 Words   |  4 Pagespersonality characteristic associated with self-conscious emotions is perfectionism, as mentioned people whom are classified as having discrepant low self-esteem have been allied with forms of perfectionism. As derived from self-esteem for example, perfectionism is also a result of self-conscious emotions which contribute to the evaluation of the self (Stoeber, Kobori, Tanno, 2012). A study completed by Cheng, Govorum, and Chartrand (2012), examined whether self-awareness induction would increase negativeRead More How Low Self-esteem Effects Anorexia Essay1292 Words   |  6 Pages How Low Self-Esteem affects Anorexia Outline I.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Anorexia has no certain causes, but it has been determined that psychological, enviromental, and physiological factors play a role. A.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Self-esteem is both a psychological and physiological factor of low self-esteem. B.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Girls and young women are most commonly associated with low self-esteem and anorexia. II.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;amp;#8220;Self-EsteemRead MoreThe Effects Of Eating Disorders On The Body Image And Low Self Esteem1896 Words   |  8 Pagesesophagus, scarring on hands and worn down yellow teeth due to stomach acid, and even worse, stomach ruptures and heart failure. Other eating disorders can cause any wide range of complication. Eating disorders stem from a distorted body image and low self esteem. Modern societies in westernized countries are the cause of the prevalence of eating disorders due to the media’s influence and the susceptibility of the general populace to succumb to the portrayed ‘ideal’ body image. The media in a westernizedRead MoreSelf-Monitoring Effects on Self-Esteem1260 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationship between self-monitoring and self-esteem. 150 college students from De La Salle University, Manila participated in this study. By using Self-Monitoring Scale (SMS) and Self-Esteem Rating Scale (SERS), the participants were asked to answer these questionnaires. The ratings from the scales were used to measure participants’ self-monitoring and self-esteem. Based on the results of this study, coherent with the previous studies on the topic, it could be inferred that self-monitoring of a personRead MoreEffect of Gender on Self-Esteem in China1432 Words   |  6 PagesRunning Head: VALID OR NOT Effects of Gender on Self-Esteem in China Name of Student School Abstract Six studies present varying results on the effect of gender on self-esteem. Watkins Yu (1993) found gender to have little effect on self-esteem but much on self-concept and self-satisfaction, especially among Chinese women. Zhang Leung (2002) suggested the moderating factors of gender and age in the connection between individual and collective self-esteem and life satisfaction. Their research

Classical Sociology Free Essays

string(161) " is due to the fact that family members were no longer trying to control one another for the sake of keeping any sort of wealth and ownership within the family\." Dustin Jones There were many social theorists from the period of the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. This period of time is regarded as the period of the Enlightenment. A few of the major figures of this particular â€Å"movement† were Rene Descartes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Immanuel Kant. We will write a custom essay sample on Classical Sociology or any similar topic only for you Order Now They altered the way in which the social world was viewed and helped pave the way for other classical social theorists to explain the individual’s role in society. Karl Marx, Alexis de Tocqueville, Henri De Saint-Simon, and Emile Durkheim are only the names of a few classical social theorists who set out to explore the role of an individual within society. These men believed that Reason, along with the application of a scientific approach, would be able to positively change the world and break through to a new form of power and authority. Although the ideas and theories of these men give rise to far greater advancement in sociological theory, there is a failure in intuition, and thus, a failure of the classical sociological element. The first section of this paper includes an explanation of classical sociology along with an overview of the theories associated with some of the greatest sociologists of this time. The next section of this paper explores reasons and explanations for the failure of classical social theory and interpretations to why before-mentioned theories were compromised. The final section of this paper summarizes some of the conclusions drawn about the failure of this particular ideology. I. Classical Sociology/Theories Explained Classical sociology includes the idea that people can change the course of history through developmental progress. The object of study was society itself. The development of modern, industrial, and capitalist societies was believed to have separated people from the traditional way of living. The explanations and theories derived from them were a way to correlate the new society with the structure, organization, and dynamics derived from the social world. One form of classical sociological theory attempts to establish a causal relationship for institutions while another form of sociological theory argues that the causal explanation for these institutions is not justifiable. The approach is not pertinent, but what is ertinent is classical sociology explains the interaction of individuals in society, and paves the way for advancement to an explanation of the contemporary world. On page 2 in Classical Sociological Theory: A Reader, Ian McIntosh states: â€Å"The more optimistic Enlightenment thinkers thought that Reason could guide a process of positive change in the world and individuals could infl uence the course of history in the name of ‘Progress’. Such ‘Progress’ could, it was hoped, free the individual from the yoke and shackles of traditional forms of power and authority- embodied by religion and the myriad ties of feudal obligation. Karl Marx was one of these great social thinkers who explains society in terms of social class and the material of the worker. He felt there was great conflict between the capitalists and the working class. The term capitalist is synonymous with the bourgeoisie: these were the people who controlled the land, the factories, and sought the most interest in personal gain. He believed that the value of anything is basically the amount of labor which it takes to produce it. In this way, he felt that profit can only be made by any surplus after the amount of labor it takes to feed, clothe, and shelter a man is produced. From this theory, he believed in the exploitation of labor. He believed that with the rise of industrialization, profits would actually fall because each industry is trying to keep up with the next guy: the cost manufacturers make for machinery goes up while what is being produced drops. Karl Marx also gives a fairly detailed description of the fall of capitalism. He believed that the downfall of capitalism was inevitable. Over time, the decline in the rate of profit would be one of the factors contributing to the downfall of capitalism. The idea is that the productive tools used for industrialization are badly utilized when workers are unemployed and goods produced are no longer meeting effective demands. Capitalism begins to move toward a huge industrial monopoly (Collins, Makowsky, p. 37). This affects the smaller capitalists who are forced to join the proletariat. The unemployment keeps high competition for jobs while those who are looking for change become more and more agitated. He believed that the economy would reach a point where the only obstacle standing in the way is a revolt within the working class and the initialization of socialism. Alexis de Tocqueville, also known as the Last Gentleman, also believed in the working class as a great supporter for the economy, and found much inspiration for the establishment of democracy after his visit to the United States. He was a great pessimist of his time and did not much believe in progress, which is exactly what other sociologists were aiming for in their research. He was one of the first foreigners to recognize the American project for a better life: freedom. He saw the coming of democracy as more than just a social or economic development; he thought that God had his hand in giving democracy to the people. One of the first things that stood out to Alexis de Tocqueville upon his arrival to the United States is the display of equality. One example in this display of equality which he noticed is that the relationship between the employer and the employee was strikingly different. In France, where Tocqueville is from, this type of relationship could be compared to a master and his servant; but in the United States, he notices that the employee is actually under contract to share labor. He also noticed that there was a lack of the simulated bonds of property which he had been so accustomed to back home. In the United States, personal relationships were strengthened by bonds of personal affection. This is due to the fact that family members were no longer trying to control one another for the sake of keeping any sort of wealth and ownership within the family. You read "Classical Sociology" in category "Essay examples" People were allowed to make their own decisions and were free to fall in love with whomever they choose. On page 109, in his Democracy in America, Alexis de Tocqueville states: â€Å"Here and there, in the midst of American society, you meet with men, full of fanatical and almost wild enthusiasm, which hardly exists in Europe. Emile Durkheim was someone who might say that crime in America is the glue with which people are held together. This is represented in his belief that crime helped to bring a society closer together. Meetings were held in which people would congregate to discuss the criminal activity of the community, thus enhancing the relationships within socie ty. When a person is punished for his crime, then the recognition of that punishment is a reaffirmation of the law and helps to strengthen the bond of society. He also explains that criminal behavior can help to establish new ideas within a society and in turn, help that society to develop (Marsh, Gaynor, p. 97). Durkheim also came to the realization that all religions have sacred objects and that these sacred objects are a creation of society. If people pursue a high moral character by living up to the codes formed by these religions, this will reflect individualism as well as enhance social unity. II. Failure of Sociological Theories One of the major objections to Karl Marx’s ideology is the criticism brought forth to his labor theory of value. According to John R. Pottenger, in The Political Theory of Liberation Theology: Toward a Reconvergence of Social Values and Social Science, he believes that within the labor theory of value, assumptions based on values must be â€Å"purged† in order to create an objective perspective of social science, but since valued are not able to be â€Å"purged†, as he states, then this particular theory is open to speculation. Once mankind developed an industry strong enough which required the use of machines and tools to produce profit, Marx did not make any distinction between the idea of capital and labor. The use of machines was actually operated by the labor force and was not meant to replace the labor force, but they helped in establishing more wealth. Another problem with which Karl Marx did not discern was his idea that the labor force would use the power of politics to overthrow capitalism and strengthen political gain. The working class actually uses the power of politics to cultivate and modify capitalism in a way which is better suited for society. With the improvement of technology, there came an increase in employment opportunities, thus creating more jobs and strengthening the working class as a whole. This only helped to solidify the establishment of a capitalistic society. One of the biggest problems with Marx’s ideology which supports the failure of classical sociological theory is he underestimated the role that he and his ideas play in shaping history. Through the observation of Marx’s ideology, it is where society finds that supply and demand makes much more sense and that democracy is the basis for a well-rounded economy. Alexis de Tocqueville is a great supporter for this democracy, but some of his ideas about equality were flawed. He used the word democracy as if it were synonymous with equality. In this way, he felt that there was much more equality in the United States than there really was. He did not understand the social classes which were introduced to him in the United States and believed that the middle class were the poor people. This gave him the perception that equality was more wide-spread than it really was. This correlates to the idea that no matter how deeply democracy is rooted within a society, it is not able to help all of those in need. One of the biggest setbacks to Emile Durkheim’s theory for criminal activity is that crime creates constant tension between members of a society. Criminal activity is known to tear families apart, create havoc, and in some instances, is a focal point for the deterioration of a particular society. Also, an increase in crime rate can bring an increase of frightened civilians who live in that society. Although criminal activity is a normal part of society, as Durkheim would say it is, it does not undermine the fact that it brings about a kind of pain and suffering, a lower quality of life if you will. III. Conclusions The most prominent factor in establishing the paradoxical failure of classical sociological theory is the rise in information technology which has brought about a better global economy. (Haferkamp, p. 218) There has been an increase in the sharing of information along with a way to actually restructure the capitalist society. Also, the social theories that have been attributed to this period of â€Å"Enlightenment† were substantiated by societal norms of a period of time that was considered to be modern. What is considered to be â€Å"modern† times has drastically changed between now and then, and as such, theories pertinent to that day and time are no longer relevant. Industry is booming, technology is far more advanced, criminal activity is on the rise, and what is considered to be societal norms is much different. Also, the application of these sociological theories to what was considered to be societal norms does not include any use of an experimental method for testing hypotheses. With an experimental method for conducting research, researchers are able to manipulate one variable while comparing its effects to a different constant variable. The problem with non-experimental methods for conducting research, as is the case for classical sociological theories, is that the hypotheses are difficult to prove, and if or when they are proven, it normally requires a long period of time. In correlation to this idea, the fact that these are â€Å"theories† suggests to the reader that they have not yet been proven, and with the lack of scientific experiential data, may never be proven. Another significant factor contributing to the failure of classical sociological theory is the success in social change in the 19th and 20th centuries. According to Melvyn Dubofsky, in The State and Labor in Modern America, he states that â€Å"reformers and working-class leaders stressed collective action, more individualistic forms of thought dominated national culture, institutions, and legal doctrines. † He goes on to describe the way in which workers began to unite and form collective revolutions for the advancement of class, race, or gender. This shift in social reform has strengthened individualism and accentuated the positive effects of capitalism where people have continued to attribute failure to classical sociological theories. IV. Summary Classical sociological theory helped to explain social change and structure of society which aided in the establishment of the contemporary world. Karl Marx’s prediction of the fall of capitalism failed to see its day due to the fact that the working class has used the structure of capitalism to better establish their place among society. When reflecting upon the ideas and works of Alexis de Tocqueville, it is understood that no matter how deeply ingrained capitalism might be within a particular society, there are those who do not reap the benefits capitalism attempts to offer for all people. One of the principle notions which stand out after reviewing some of the works by these classical sociologists is that their personal objectives and theories failed to be achieved. Capitalism has continued to flourish, the industrial revolution has come to an end, and a new era of technological advancement has dawned. Bibliography Collins, Randall, Makowsky, Michael. (2005). The Discovery of Society. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Dasilva, Fabio B. , Pressler, Charles A. (1996). Sociology and Interpretation: From Weber to Habermas. Albany, NY: New York State University of New York Press. Dubofsky, Melvyn. (1994). The State and Labor in Modern America. North Carolina: Chapel Hill University of North Carolina Press. Haferkamp, Hans. (1992). Social Change and Modernity. California: Berkeley University of California Press. Marsh, Ian, Melville, Gaynor. (2006). Theories of Crime. New York: Taylor and Francis Routledge. McIntosh, Ian. (1997). Classical Sociological Theory: A Reader. Edinburgh, United Kingdom: Edinburgh University Press. Nielsen, Donald A. (1999). Three Faces of God: Society, Religion, and the Categories of Totality in the Philosophy of Emile Durkheim. New York: Albany State University of New York Press. Pines, Christopher L. (1993). Ideology and False Consciousness: Marx and His Historical Progenitors. Albany, NY: New York State University of New York Press. Pottenger, John R. (1989). The Political Theory of Liberation Theology: Toward a Reconvergence of Social Values and Social Science. New York: Albany State University of New York Press. Tocqueville, Alexis De. Democracy in America. (Book II). Champaign, IL: Project Gutenberg. How to cite Classical Sociology, Essay examples

Overcoming Hurdles in Intelligence Sharing among L Essay Example For Students

Overcoming Hurdles in Intelligence Sharing among L Essay aw EnforcementOne way to overcome hurdles is to persist in sharing. The easiest intelligence to report to your seniors is received from a creditable source. The same rules should apply for your intelligence product. If some other agency is doing the same investigation as your agency and there is no worry about compromising your investigation, then your intelligence should be disseminated to them. This will encourage them to share what products they have built in other investigations with your office. One of the main problems among intelligence analysts, investigators, etc. is the material is not shared. Having other agencies willing to disclose what has been learned during their investigation could save you a lot of time and research. One of the main problems among intelligence analysts, investigators, etc. is the material is not shared. Having other agencies willing to disclose what has been learned during their investigation could save you a lot of time and research. Another way to overcome the hurdle of not sharing between agencies is to not worry about who gets credit for the arrest and conviction. The bottom line is that the criminal is behind bars due to a good through investigation and analyst. Even if you dont get a mention from the prosecuting attorney about your help in the investigation, as long as you and your agency knows that you did your part to put a bad guy behind bars should be satisfaction enough. The mission accomplishment should be number one, and your personal credit number two. Selling an intelligence program to your senior management is crucial in sharing with other agencies. If your superiors are excited about the programs that you are working on and the products that you are producing, they are going to want others to see what their agency is doing. Nothing makes a boss happier than to show off just how well their organization is accomplishing its mission in intelligence. If your product is a new idea, then you may need to take your time in carefully explaining why your program is better than other ways. If the supervisor is happy with what he sees, he will want others to see it as well. .